Investigating the Factors Affecting the Nutritional Status of Iranian Older Adults: A Literature Review
Abstract
Introduction: The process of aging can lead to many negative alterations in the body systems. Nutritional status in older adults is an important element that requires special attention. This study aimed to examine the factors effective on nutritional status among elderly people.
Methods: The keywords including nutrition, elders, and Iran were searched in databases including Web of Science, SID, Scopus, and PubMed from 2012 to 2022. Exclusion criteria consisted of case-series studies, letters to the editor, qualitative articles, and reviews.
Results: The search process yielded 10 studies. There were 2441 older adults in this review. The findings showed that the type of diet can affect malnutrition and nutritional status in older adults. Meanwhile, the level of self-efficacy was directly associated with nutritional status. There was no association between awareness behavioral assessment and nutritional status. As well, the important role of demographic variables on nutritional status and malnutrition was proved in most of the studies. Lastly, loneliness has a direct and negative association with malnutrition.
Conclusion: By discovering the factors effective on the nutritional status of older adults, supportive interventions should be designed. Also, this study showed that modern educational interventions are effective in improving the level of nutritional status among older adults.
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